Interactions | Reactions | Processes



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Classified as: Alkylation




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Alkylation involves a nucleophilic Lewis base (normally a carbanion or an oxyanion) complexing with an alkyl carbenium ion or (more often) initiating an SN2 substitution at a delta+ alkyl carbon centre, R+ below.

Reagents which add delta+ alkyl functions are called alkylating agents. Reagents which add delta+ methyl functions are called methylating agents.

  +  
  +  
HF
        

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  +  
CH3I
        
  +  
I–

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  +  
[Et3O]+[BF4]–
  +  
        
  +  
  +  
Li+
  +  
[BF4]–
  +  

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  +  
CH3CH2I
        
  +  
  +  
Li+
  +  
I–

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CH3I
  +  
        

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  +  
        

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  +  
[CN]–
        

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  +  
[R–S]–
        

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  +  
        

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  +  
R–Nfg
        
  +  
Li+
  +  

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R–TeH
  +  
R–Nfg
        
H2Te
  +  

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[R–SO2]–
  +  
RCl
        
  +  
Cl–

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[R–Se]–
  +  
R–Nfg
        
R2Sb
  +  

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[R3O]+
  +  
        
R–Nu
  +  

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  +  
I–
  +  
Li+
  +  
        
RCOO–
  +  
Li+
  +  
CH3I

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  +  
R–Nfg
        
  +  

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R–Nfg
  +  
[NCO]–
        
R–N=C=O
  +  

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CH3OH
  +  
NH3
  +  
Al2O3
        
CH3NH2
  +  
(CH3)2NH
  +  
(CH3)3N
  +  
H2O

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© Mark R. Leach 1999 –


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